Dictyocaryum ptarianum (Steyerm.) H.E.Moore & Steyerm., Acta Bot. Venez. 2: 139 (1967)

Primary tabs

https://media.e-taxonomy.eu/palmae/photos/palm_tc_61477_1.jpg

Content

Distribution

Map uses TDWG level 3 distributions (https://github.com/tdwg/wgsrpd)
Brazil North present (World Checklist of Arecaceae)A
Colombia present (World Checklist of Arecaceae)A
Guyana present (World Checklist of Arecaceae)A
Peru present (World Checklist of Arecaceae)A
Venezuela present (World Checklist of Arecaceae)A

Discussion

  • The recent collections from lowland Colombia and Peru greatly extend the range of this species, and raise many questions about its former range. These lowland localities may represent relicts of a much wider range for the species.

    Dictyocaryum ptariense is most similar to D. fuscum, differing only in its smaller staminate flowers. (Henderson, A. 1990: Introduction and the Iriarteinae. – Flora Neotropica Monographs 53)B

Common Name

  • Colombia: bombona paso. Peru: pona colorada (Henderson, A. 1990: Introduction and the Iriarteinae. – Flora Neotropica Monographs 53)B

    Uses

    • The leaves are used for thatching, and the stems split and used to make walls and floors. (Henderson, A. 1990: Introduction and the Iriarteinae. – Flora Neotropica Monographs 53)B

    Description

    • Stem solitary or occasionally cespitose, cylindrical, 10-15(-20) m tall, 14-20 cm in diam., smooth; stilt roots to 1.2 m long, to 4 cm diam., brown, with blunt spines. Leaves 4-5, spreading; sheaths forming a compact crownshaft, 60-70(-125) cm long, outer surface densely covered with simple, hyaline trichomes, glabrescent; petiole 25-30 cm long, 2-4.5 cm in diam., shallowly grooved adaxially, rounded abaxially, whitish-brown-tomentose; rachis 1.7-3 m long, ridged adaxially, rounded abaxially; pinnae 23-37 per side, subopposite, cuneate with entire margins and blunt praemorse apices, green and glabrous adaxially, gray-white-waxy abaxially with regularly scattered minute brown scales and with lines 3-5 mm wide of dense brown tomentum running parallel to the veins, split to the base into 2-8 stiff segments inserted at different angles and radiating in different planes; veins prominent abaxially, yellow, 1-several per pinna, sparsely covered with trichomes, especially near point of insertion; proximal pinna split into 1-3 segments, proximal segment to 70 cm long and 3 cm wide at mid-point; middle pinna split into 4-8 segments, proximal segment to 86 cm long and 3 cm wide at mid-point, distal segment 86-98 cm long and 8 cm wide; apical pinna entire, flabellate, 28 cm long, 9 cm wide at mid-point. Inflorescence pendulous and horn-shaped in bud, pendulous at anthesis and to 1.4 m long; peduncle terete, curved, 25-35 cm long, ca. 2 cm diam., at first densely brown-tomentose, glabrescent, at anthesis with prophyll and 8-10 peduncular bract scars; prophyll inserted at base of peduncle, caducous, ancipitous, 9-12 cm long, splitting api-cally; peduncular bracts 8-10, inserted 1-4 cm apart, the proximal 3 ca. 13-22 cm long, coriaceous, the distal remainder up to 90 cm long, woody, the most distal 2-3 incomplete; prophyll and peduncular bracts with moderate to dense covering on outside of hyaline or brown trichomes; rachis 20-30 cm long; rachillae 50-80, spirally inserted, cream-colored at anthesis, glabrous or with a moderate covering of branched short trichomes, with a proximal flattened sterile section to 5 cm long, proximal ones to 50 cm long and branched into 2-7 rachillae, distal ones to 40 cm long and unbranched, 2 mm in diam. at mid-point at anthesis (thickening to 3-4 mm in fruit), each subtended by a strongly cucullate bract to 3 cm long proximally to virtually absent distally; triads spirally arranged, to 3 mm apart, surrounded by a vestigial bract; flowers proximally in triads, distally staminate in pairs or solitary, cream-colored; staminate flowers 3.5-4 mm long; sepals ovate-deltoid, strongly gibbous, 1 x 1.5 mm, very shortly connate proximally, imbricate distally; petals ovate, 3 x 1.5 mm, free, valvate; stamens six; filaments 0.5 mm high, triangular; anthers 3 mm high, sub-basifixed, the-cae briefly free proximally; pistillode very short, 3-lobed; pollen with clavate-rugulate exine; pistillate flowers 2 mm long; sepals ovate-deltoid, gibbous, 1 x 2 mm, shortly connate proximally, imbricate distally, ciliate; petals widely ovate, 2 x 2 mm, imbricate proximally, valvate distally; staminodes six, dentiform, 0.5 mm high; stigmas sessile, triangular, 1 mm long, erect at anthesis; ovary 3-locular with one ovule developing, 1 mm high, glabrous; fruit more or less globose, 3-3.5 x 2-3 cm, stigmatic scat basal; epicatp smooth, yellowish-brown at maturity and splitting irregularly; mesocarp 3-4 mm thick, white; endocarp papery; seed globose, raphe branches reticulate, spreading; hilum rounded; embryo basal; eophyll bifid. (Henderson, A. 1990: Introduction and the Iriarteinae. – Flora Neotropica Monographs 53)B

    Materials Examined

    • COLOMBIA. AMAZONAS: Araracuara, rd. to Puerto Arturo, "Guacharos," 360 m, 18 Sep 1987, Galeano & Huitoto 1281 (NY).?PERU. LORETO: Lower Rio Ucayali river basin, Je-naro Herrera, 4°55'S, 73°40'W, 160 m, 9 Jim 1988 (fr), Kahn 2310 (NY); 9 Jun 1988, Kahn 2314 (NY); 18 Jul 1986 (fl), Mejia 725 (NY). VENEZUELA. AMAZONAS: Dpto. Atures, valley of Rio Coro-coro, W of Serrania de Yutaje, 5°41'N, 66°09'W, 1100 m, 7 Mar 1987 (fr), Hoist & Liesner 3359 (NY); Cerro Sipapo, above Cano Grande, 1500 m, 21 Jan 1949 (fl), Maguire & Politi 28510 (NY). BOLIVAR: Rio Chilca, region of Wrinumu, Aug 1953, Bernardi 941 (NY); Rio Tehuanen camp between Kavanayen and Ptari-tepui, 1240 m, 20 Aug 1970 (fl, fr), Moore et al. 9832 (BH, VEN); Fila de la Danta, between campamento 125 and km 127, between Luepa and Cerro Venamo, 1200 m, 15-17 Apr 1960 (fl), Steyermark & Nilsson 269 (BH, NY); upper reaches of Rio Tirica between SE part of Apacara-tepui and W part of Chimanta-tepui, 1700 m, 24 Jun 1953 (fl), Steyermark 75979 (F, MO, NY); Sierra de Lema, Rio Chi-canan, 80 km SE of El Dorado, 6°5'N, 62°W, 700 m, 22 Aug 1961, Steyermark 89402 (BH, VEN); Cerro Venamo, Rio Venamo, 900-1000 m, 8 Jan 1964 (fl), Steyermark 92883 (BH, NY, VEN); Auyan-tepui, below "Danto" and toward Guayaraca, 1000-1480 m, 18 May 1964 (fr), Steyermark 94146 (BH, VEN, NY); Cerro Guaquinima, E of Rio Paragua, 63°40'W, 1300 m, 9 Apr 1979, Steyermark & Dunsterville 117948 (VEN). GUYANA. ESSEQUIBO: Upper Mazaruni District, E slopes of Eboropu mountain, 3-5 mi upstream on Saydak Creek from its junction with Kako River, 5°41'N, 60°40'W, 470-1030 m, 15 Apr 1979, Edwards 1308 (K); Mount Roraima, Paikwa trail, 1400 m, 28 Oct 1973, Persaud 111 (NY); Mount Roraima, Waruma trail, 1400 m, 29 Oct 1973, Persaud 119 (NY); Partang River, Merume Mountains, 800 m, 7 Jul 1960 (fr), Tillett et al. 44841 (NY).? (Henderson, A. 1990: Introduction and the Iriarteinae. – Flora Neotropica Monographs 53)B

    Use Record

    • Dictyocaryum ptarianum (Steyerm.) H.E.Moore & Steyerm.: La corteza externa del tronco está formada por fibras gruesas y rígidas, es extremadamente dura y por ello los troncos rajados son utilizados para hacer los pisos de las casas. Las hojas son utilizadas para techar y pueden durar hasta cinco años cuando son secadas a fuego lento, mediante humo. (Galeano, G. 1992: Las palmas de la región de Araracuara)
      Use CategoryUse Sub CategoryPlant PartHuman GroupEthnic GroupCountry
      ConstructionThatchEntire leafNot identifiedN/AColombia
      ConstructionHousesStemNot identifiedN/AColombia
    • Dictyocaryum ptarianum (Steyerm.) H.E.Moore & Steyerm.: Se hace mojojoy, rancho provisional y yaripa. También sirvió para rallador y la cáscara para platon. (Kronik, J. et al. 1999: Fééjahisuu. Palmas de los Nietos de la Tierra y Montaña Verde del Centro)
      Use CategoryUse Sub CategoryPlant PartHuman GroupEthnic GroupCountry
      OtherN/AStemIndigenousMuinaneColombia
      ConstructionThatchEntire leafIndigenousMuinaneColombia
      Utensils and ToolsDomesticRootIndigenousMuinaneColombia
      Utensils and ToolsDomesticLeaf sheathIndigenousMuinaneColombia
      ConstructionHousesNot specifiedIndigenousMuinaneColombia

    Bibliography

      A. World Checklist of Arecaceae
      B. Henderson, A. 1990: Introduction and the Iriarteinae. – Flora Neotropica Monographs 53