Eremospatha wendlandiana Dammer ex Becc., Webbia 3: 290 (1910)

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https://media.e-taxonomy.eu/palmae/photos/palm_tc_70703_1.jpg

Content

Distribution

Map uses TDWG level 3 distributions (https://github.com/tdwg/wgsrpd)
Angola present (World Checklist of Arecaceae)B
Cameroon present (World Checklist of Arecaceae)B
Central African Republic present (World Checklist of Arecaceae)B
Equatorial Guinea present (World Checklist of Arecaceae)B
Gabon present (World Checklist of Arecaceae)B
Nigeria present (World Checklist of Arecaceae)B
Zaire present (World Checklist of Arecaceae)B
E. wendlandiana is distributed from SE Nigeria to Gabon, commonly in coastal forest, although with outliers present in the swamp forests of the Central African Republic. (Sunderland, T.C.H. 2012: A taxonomic revision of the rattans of Africa (Arecaceae: Calamoideae). – Phytotaxa 51: 1-76)A

Biology And Ecology

  • This species is a common component of gap vegetation and forest margins, although it is commonly present in the juvenile form in closed-canopy forest where it occurs. (Sunderland, T.C.H. 2012: A taxonomic revision of the rattans of Africa (Arecaceae: Calamoideae). – Phytotaxa 51: 1-76)A

Conservation

  • Least concern (LC) (Sunderland, T.C.H. 2012: A taxonomic revision of the rattans of Africa (Arecaceae: Calamoideae). – Phytotaxa 51: 1-76)A

Etymology

  • Named after Hermann Wendland (1825-1903), German palm botanist and horticulturist. (Sunderland, T.C.H. 2012: A taxonomic revision of the rattans of Africa (Arecaceae: Calamoideae). – Phytotaxa 51: 1-76)A

Description

  • Clustered moderate to robust palm climbing to 60 m. Stems ± circular in cross-section, without sheaths 12-20 mm, with 15-30 mm; internodes up to 30 cm long. Leaf sheath only very lightly striate, with sparse to moderate caducous black indumentum; ocrea drying brown and splitting longitudinally, sometimes with horizontal linear wrinkle opposite the leaf, extending to up to 8 cm; knee conspicuous, narrowly-linear, up to 5-12 cm long, tapering at base. Leaves sessile; rachis up to 2m long, abaxially rounded, adaxially flattened or slightly concave on upper surface, becoming rounded then triangular in cross-section distally, armed along the margins with inequidistant, reflexed, bulbous-based, black-tipped spines, with sparse black indumentum below; cirrus up to 2 m long, armed as the rachis, although spines becoming sparse distally, indumentum absent; leaflets up to 20 on each side of the rachis, strictly rhomboid or trapezoid with conspicuously straight margins, broadly attenuate at the base, broadly and irregularly praemorse at apex, very variable in size 12-22 cm long × 8-17 cm broad at the widest point; concolorous, armed along the margins with 2 mm long, robust, slightly reflexed, black-tipped spines, praemorse apex somewhat ciliate spiny; with 5-9 main veins radiating from the base; acanthophylls 2-2.5 cm long, somewhat slender, at 30° angle to cirrus. Inflorescence glabrous, up to 80 cm long, peduncle up to 30 cm long; rachis up to 50 cm long, arching, rachis bracts incomplete, 1.5-2 cm long, decreasing distally, rachillae distichous, 10-12 on each side, 25-30 cm long, decreasing distally, adnate to the rachis for up to 2 cm, less so distally. Flowers borne in close pairs; calyx 2 mm long × 4 mm wide at the mouth, shallowly 3-lobed; corolla ca. 8 mm long × 3 mm wide divided to ¼ of its length; stamens united into 3 mm-long epipetalous ring, free filaments <0.5 mm; anthers <0.75 mm long; ovary 2mm × 1.5 mm tipped with 1 mm long style. Fruit at maturity ovoid to broadly cylindrical, 2.5-3.5 cm × 1.8-2.4 cm, with 15-19 vertical rows of scales. Seed compressed with, 1.8-2.8 cm long × 1.2-1.8 cm wide × ca.1 cm deep, with somewhat undulating margins, flattened on one side or with a shallow depression, embryo lateral, raised, opposite the flattened side. (Sunderland, T.C.H. 2012: A taxonomic revision of the rattans of Africa (Arecaceae: Calamoideae). – Phytotaxa 51: 1-76)A

Materials Examined

  • NIGERIA: Aninze 15402, Oban Hills (06º00N:09º15E) Fr., February 9, 1946 (K!); Morakinyo 1001, Cross River National Park (05º15N:08º42E) Fr., August 11, 1993 (K!); Tuley652, Mile 26 on Calabar to Okpora road (05º60N:08º02E) sterile, July 13, 1964 (WAG!); CAMEROON: Dransfield 7004, Mile 40, Buea-Kumba road (04º23N:09º26E) sterile, June 28, 1991 (K!, SCA!); Dundas8381, Southern Bakundu F.R. (04º26N:09º21E) seedling, August 20, 1945 (K!); Harris 3738, Onge (04º21N:08º57E) sterile, September 11, 1993 (K!, SCA!); Iquito 61, Fr. only (FI!); Letouzey 4151, 45km NE of Kribi (03º15N:10º12E) sterile, January 25, 1962 (YA!); Letouzey 11518, Nkongkengui, 12km NNE of Makak (03º34N:11º02E) sterile, July 17, 1972 (YA!); Letouzey 11800, Mintom I, 70km E of Djoum (02º03N:13º30E) sterile, January 8. 1973 (YA!); Lowe 3443, Edea-Kribi rd nr Elogbatindi (03º27N:10º11E) Fr., January 22, 1978 (K!, YA!); Mildbraed 6036, 58km east of Kribi (02º56N:10º26E) sterile, July 21, 1911 (HBG!); Nkefor 920, Southern Bakundu Forest Reserve (04º46N:09º29E) Fr., s.d. (K!); Preuss 460, Barombi (04º40N.09º23E) sterile, 1890 (FI!); Richards 5209, Kembong Forest Reserve, SW Province (05º38N:09º14E) sterile, March 16, 1955 (K!); Rosevear 30138, Kumba (04º38N:09º26E) sterile, October 29, 1937 (FHO!); Sunderland 2304, Korup National Park, Chimpanzee Camp (05º02N:08º48E) sterile, February 15, 2000 (K!); Sunderland 1640, Mokoko River Forest Reserve (04º29N:09º00E) sterile, May 1, 1994 (K!, SCA!); Sunderland 1701, Southern Bakundu Forest Reserve (04º46N:09º29E) sterile, November 8, 1995 (K!, SCA!, NY!); Sunderland 1712, Onge River valley (04º21N:08º57E) sterile, November 23, 1995 (K!, SCA!, MO!); Sunderland 1719, 30km north of Mamfe (05º58N:09º20E) sterile, December 2, 1995 (K!, SCA!, BH!) Sunderland 1927, Campo Ma'an Faunal Reserve (02º10N:09º54E) sterile, October 11, 1998 (K!, YA!); Sylvanus s.n., Obonyi I (06º08N:09º16E) sterile, November 11, 1998 (K!); Thomas 9733, Idenau (04º16N:09º01E) sterile, September 10, 1993 (K!, SCA!); Thomas s.n., Korup National Park, (04º55N:08º50E) sterile, s.d. (SCA!); Webb & Bullock 310, Campo Faunal Reserve (02º24N:09º54E) sterile, July 9, 1976 (K!, YA!); CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: Harris 2360, 45km S of Lidjombo (02º21N:16º09E) Fl., May 21, 1990 (MO!); EQUATORIAL GUINEA: Sunderland 1798, 2km north of Ayemeken village (02º10N:10º03E) sterile, March 13, 1997 (K!, EG!, WAG!); Sunderland 1876, 2km SW of village of Angoma (02º03N:10º10E) sterile, September 15, 1997 (K!, EG!, NY!, MO!, WAG!, BR!); GABON: Breteler et al. 11194, 30km E of Latoursville (00º40S:13º00E) Fr., April 30, 1992 (WAG!); de Wildeet al. 9301, 22km from Mayumba (03º16S:10º46E) Fr., December 11, 1986 (MO!, WAG!, BR!); Gentry & Emmons 33732, M'Passa field stn. Makokou (00º33N:12º50E) sterile, July 31, 1981 (MO!); Klaine s.n., Ogoué River (00º59S:09º03E) sterile, s.d. (K! BR!); ANGOLA: Gossweiler 7567, Mayombe, Luali (05º00S:12º25E) sterile, June 1920 (K!); Gossweiler 8145, Mayombe, Luali (05º00S:12º25E) sterile, 1920 (K!) (Sunderland, T.C.H. 2012: A taxonomic revision of the rattans of Africa (Arecaceae: Calamoideae). – Phytotaxa 51: 1-76)A

Bibliography

    A. Sunderland, T.C.H. 2012: A taxonomic revision of the rattans of Africa (Arecaceae: Calamoideae). – Phytotaxa 51: 1-76
    B. World Checklist of Arecaceae